Películas de Lee Pang-Fei
Estas son todas las Películas de Lee Pang-Fei disponibles en este sitio.
- 1969
Vengeance Is a Golden Blade
Vengeance Is a Golden Blade5 1969 HD
Li Zhishan is a rich man, but wealth cannot keep the loyalties of his wife, who has been visiting the bed of a rival. She helps plot against him, and...
- 1970
Lady of Steel
Lady of Steel5.9 1970 HD
A young swordswoman named Fang Ying-qi (Cheng Pei-Pei) sets out to join a gathering of the martial world’s leading warriors under the banner of...
- 1969
The Golden Sword
The Golden Sword6.1 1969 HD
Bai Yu Lung's father mysteriously disappears one night, and for 10 years Bai searches for him in vain. Finally, he decides to head to the far...
- 1971
Lady with a Sword
Lady with a Sword5.7 1971 HD
Feng Fei Fei, an excellent swordswoman, seeks revenge with her nephew for the murder of her old sister, who got killed by some rogues on her way...
- 1978
The Contract
The Contract7.3 1978 HD
Struggling actor Chih-Wen (Michael Hui) got a raw deal from his company, MTV Studios. He signed a binding 8-year contract with the studio and was...
- 1969
Twelve Deadly Coins
Twelve Deadly Coins4.8 1969 HD
An escort team was on a perilous journey to transport some gold taels. When they fell into the ambush set up by a gang of thieves and their gold...
- 1976
The Sexy Killer
The Sexy Killer6.1 1976 HD
A nurse decides to take justice in her own hands to fight the crime-syndicates of Hong Kong after her sister is drugged and abused by some local drug...
- 1972
The Angry Guest
The Angry Guest6.3 1972 HD
The Angry Guest is a direct sequel to Duel of Fists which had two long-separated brothers, Ti Lung and David Chiang, reuniting in Bangkok and running...
- 1973
Ambush
Ambush6.3 1973 HD
An officer of the law and his father are framed for a robbery they did not commit. With only his father's sword at the scene and the man nowhere to...
- 1970
Double Bliss
Double Bliss0 1970 HD
A melodrama about the blossoming love between two music students returning home from abroad and planning to wed. However, both of their parents...
- 1983
Take Care, Your Majesty
Take Care, Your Majesty0 1983 HD
shaw production
- 1975
Cuties Parade
Cuties Parade0 1975 HD
A romantic Shaw Brothers musical.
- 1970
Apartment for Ladies
Apartment for Ladies0 1970 HD
Betty Ting Pei plays the lead, a Taiwanese singer searching in Hong Kong for her younger sister, who disappears after coming to HK to be discovered...
- 1972
The Human Goddess
The Human Goddess6 1972 HD
Li Ching is the Seventh Sister, an angel who comes down from heaven to see what life in Hong Kong is like. In Hong Kong, she runs into Zili(Chin...
- 1969
Diary of a Lady-Killer
Diary of a Lady-Killer3 1969 HD
Diary of a Lady-Killer is a murder mystery mixed with erotica. Each time a local playboy has an affair, the lady shows up dead, making him the prime...
- 1969
Dark Rendezvous
Dark Rendezvous7 1969 HD
Private eye Chang Wen Chiang receives a telephone call from his girlfriend Li Lan Hsing. He rushes over and finds her dying in a pool of blood.
- 1969
Raw Passions
Raw Passions3.3 1969 HD
Ivy Ling Po plays the dedicated wife of a man being blackmailed for an illicit love affair, who uncovers a pit of deceit, double-crosses, extortion...
- 1972
The Imperial Swordsman
The Imperial Swordsman4.9 1972 HD
Chuan Yuan is the noble, powerful hero and Shu Pei-pei, one of Shaw’s top swordswoman, is a reluctant bride who comes upon a rebellion plot....
- 1973
Illicit Desire
Illicit Desire5.7 1973 HD
Tang Dynasty emperors, Ming Dynasty scholars, assorted fortunetellers, and several Buddhist monks figure in a trio of erotic and mystical Chinese...
- 1972
The Fugitive
The Fugitive6 1972 HD
Siu Lao (Lieh) and Ma Tien Piao (Feng) are bandits who ride from town to town holding up banks and killing anyone who tries to stop them using their...
- 1974
The Tea House
The Tea House4.5 1974 HD
Chen Kuan-Tai is Big Brother Cheng, a former refugee who runs a local teahouse in Hong Kong. Respected by his peers, Big Brother Cheng runs the...
- 1974
Sex, Love and Hate
Sex, Love and Hate0 1974 HD
Accredited director of erotica and kung-fu films Chu Yuan, combines stars from both genres in Sex, Love And Hate, a masterpiece about Hong Kong...
- 1974
Sex for Sale
Sex for Sale2 1974 HD
Sex For Sale is a sexual journey of desire where Chin Han plays a male model thrust into sexual situations he's not prepared for.
- 1976
Big Times for the Crazy Bumpkins
Big Times for the Crazy Bumpkins0 1976 HD
In 1974, John Lo Mar co-directed The Crazy Bumpkins, a new variation on the time-tested, beloved Cantonese comedy "Country Bumpkin" tradition. That...
- 1974
Hong Kong 73
Hong Kong 731 1974 HD
As the Heng Seng Index reaches unprecedented heights, people from all walks of life go stock speculation crazy. A security guard and his landlord...
- 1951
Zhang Junrui Murders Jia Baoyu for Love
Zhang Junrui Murders Jia Baoyu for Love0 1951 HD
Comedy from Hong Kong directed by Fung Chi-Kong.
- 1956
The Haunted Pot
The Haunted Pot0 1956 HD
Ghost story from Hong Kong directed by Ng Wui.
- 1952
Mr. Country Bumpkin
Mr. Country Bumpkin0 1952 HD
Comedy from Hong Kong directed by Fung Chi-Kong.
- 1952
The Encounter Between the Prince of Thieves and the Lovelorn Monk
The Encounter Between the Prince of Thieves and the Lovelorn Monk0 1952 HD
Drama from Hong Kong directed by Chu Kei.
- 1972
The Casino
The Casino6.2 1972 HD
A handsome stranger strolls into a casino one evening and all but cleans out the house, beating 160-1 odds at dice by getting three of a kind. He...
- 1982
Hex After Hex
Hex After Hex3.7 1982 HD
Hell may have no fury like a woman scorned, but hell, literally, really has no wrath like a lusting ghost scorned! Muscular "Venom" Lo Mang discovers...
- 1964
Midnight Evocation
Midnight Evocation4.9 1964 HD
After the passing of his wife, a man remarries and he and his new wife begin to suspect the old wife's spirit isn't at peace.
- 1964
The Ghostly Murderer
The Ghostly Murderer0 1964 HD
After a fatal traffic accident, a community is haunted by a phantom figure.
- 1962
The Night the Spirit Returns
The Night the Spirit Returns0 1962 HD
A ghost tale very strongly inspired by Hitchcock's Vertigo.
- 1974
Sinful Adulteress
Sinful Adulteress3.5 1974 HD
Director Ho Meng-hua gave erotica more legitimacy as he joined the list of reputable directors that began shooting soft porn with Sinful Adulteress....
- 1971
Duel of Fists
Duel of Fists6.6 1971 HD
Two men, one a businessman skilled in Kung Fu, the other a kickboxer discover they are brothers, and together, both in and out of the ring, they must...
- 1975
The Flying Guillotine
The Flying Guillotine6.6 1975 HD
The Emperor's armies have developed a new weapon: a thrown blade that can remove someone's head from long distance. As the paranoid Emperor begins...
- 1982
My Rebellious Son
My Rebellious Son5 1982 HD
Here Chang Siu Tai is the son of Master Chang, a renowned chiropractor bone-setter operating a clinic in a poor neighborhood in an unidentified city...
- 1978
The Vengeful Beauty
The Vengeful Beauty6.5 1978 HD
Despite its stand-alone title, this mixture of martial arts and exploitation is a semi-sequel to Shaw Brothers's Flying Guillotine series. This time,...
- 1965
Ungratefulness
Ungratefulness0 1965 HD
Chuk Tai-ming elopes to Hong Kong with Shum Tsui-hung in defiance of his father but soon succumbs to harsh conditions and ill health. Shum becomes a...
- 1963
The Black Centipede
The Black Centipede0 1963 HD
Enter the dragon villain, Shek Kin, is the Leader of the Black Centipede clan, a ruthless gang who terrorize the good people of Fuzhou, Walter Tso...
- 1961
Dial 999 for 24-Hour Murder Case
Dial 999 for 24-Hour Murder Case0 1961 HD
Centered around the seizure of a family's property, police investigate a series of knife murders.
- 1962
Mysterious Murderer
Mysterious Murderer0 1962 HD
Murder mystery from Lan Kwong Film Company.
- 1958
Sweet Girl in Terror
Sweet Girl in Terror0 1958 HD
Early Shaw Brothers thriller.
- 1962
999: The Mysterious Body
999: The Mysterious Body0 1962 HD
A sculptor and his girlfriend conspire to kill a rich young relative to take his family fortune but things don't go as planned.
- 1966
To Marry a Ghost
To Marry a Ghost0 1966 HD
Hong Kong ghost story.
- 1949
Devil Woman in Black
Devil Woman in Black0 1949 HD
Drama / thriller from Sanxing Film Company.
- 1964
The Bride from the Grave
The Bride from the Grave0 1964 HD
Hong Kong ghost movie set during wartime. Not to be confused with the South Korean film of the same name from the previous year.
- 1956
Beauty Raised from the Dead
Beauty Raised from the Dead0 1956 HD
Lau Mung-mui chances on To Lai-leung and their encounter transcends to a rendezvous in their dreams. They admire each other, but they do not know...
- 1980
Haunted Tales
Haunted Tales4.8 1980 HD
1. A crash leaves a man dead, and his wife badly injured. Soon, he returns as a ghost to try to take her with him. 2. A caretaker wins the lottery...
- 1957
The Sorrowful Lute
The Sorrowful Lute0 1957 HD
A Hong Kong drama
- 1954
Father and Son
Father and Son0 1954 HD
After seeing a friend of his boss' son adopted over his promised promotion with connections, Shrimp's father, a minor white-collar worker Ng...
- 1983
Shaolin & Wu Tang
Shaolin & Wu Tang6.6 1983 HD
Master Liu and Master Law are rival masters of Shaolin style kung fu, and Wudang style sword fighting, running schools in the same city. Their top...
- 1973
Iron Bodyguard
Iron Bodyguard4.9 1973 HD
An Iron Bodyguard called Wang Wu meets a scholar and forms a strong friendship with him after they fight some villains together. The scholar is a...
- 1971
Sunset
Sunset0 1971 HD
Teenage heart throbs Ching Li and Paul Chin Pei come across like Annette Funicello and Frankie Avalon in the musical Sunset, a musical romp that...
- 1976
Beautiful Vixen
Beautiful Vixen0 1976 HD
Shaw Bros production
- 1971
Duel for Gold
Duel for Gold7 1971 HD
Soon-to-be legendary director Chu Yuan had just joined the Shaw Brothers when he helmed this thriller of bickering bandits. Audiences loved watching...
- 1979
Killing Does Not Pay
Killing Does Not Pay0 1979 HD
A young Taipei hair stylist disappears, a short while after a black box containing a dead body is found, the body is hers and now the hunt is on to...
- 1975
The Empress Dowager
The Empress Dowager7 1975 HD
This dragon lady of the Ching Dynasty was the power behind the throne for 50 years, and hew vast tapestry of palace intrigues is vividly brought to...
- 1976
Low Society
Low Society0 1976 HD
A misguided youth falls into the bad company of an underground brothel syndicate but redeems himself on discovering that his mother was murdered by...
- 1975
Cohabitation
Cohabitation0 1975 HD
Abortion, birth control and unwed cohabitation are social issues rarely associated with 1970's Hong Kong cinema. Cohabitation not only faces them...
- 1963
Cai feng jinghun
Cai feng jinghun0 1963 HD
Cantonese adaptation of Daphne du Maurier's novel Rebecca.
- 1961
Hound Murderer Case
Hound Murderer Case6 1961 HD
Chinese mystery film with a mysterious werewolf man.
- 1974
Scandal
Scandal7 1974 HD
Director Li Han-hsiang teams up with Michael Hui in this tongue in cheek tale of extramarital affairs and corruption. Michael Hui and Wang Sheng are...
- 1965
The Black Rose
The Black Rose0 1965 HD
Chan sisters Chan Meiling and Chan Meiyu are respected high class, women in Hong Kong's more upscale neighborhoods. However, they both share an...
- 1952
As You Desire
As You Desire0 1952 HD
This rare gem features the extraordinary stellar cast of two comedy giants on the same screen and the two Ma's (Ma Si-tsang and Sun Ma Si-tsang)...
- 1957
Darling Girl
Darling Girl0 1957 HD
- 1955
Cold Nights
Cold Nights8 1955 HD
Cold Nights features great performances by both Pak Yin as a tough minded “new woman”, Shusheng, and Ng Cho-fan as her weak husband, Wang...
- 1966
Lady Bond
Lady Bond0 1966 HD
Connie Chan Po-chu's character's father was killed by the triads, leaving behind two daughters. The elder sister makes a living as a singer at a...
- 1965
Family Doctrine (Part 1) - An Old Family
Family Doctrine (Part 1) - An Old Family0 1965 HD
Family Doctrine is a drama film directed by Chu Kei and stars Wu Fung, Man Lan, Pearl Au Ka-Wai, Ma Siu-Ying, and Kitty Ting Hao.
- 1965
Family Doctrine (Part 2) - A Setting Sun on the Green Hill
Family Doctrine (Part 2) - A Setting Sun on the Green Hill0 1965 HD
Family Doctrine is a drama film directed by Chu Kei and stars Wu Fung, Man Lan, Pearl Au Ka-Wai, Ma Siu-Ying, and Kitty Ting Hao.
- 1958
A Lovely Girl's Lovely Dreams
A Lovely Girl's Lovely Dreams0 1958 HD
Songstress Mui Yee-wah falls head over heels for painter Wai Tik-fung despite their age difference. Because Wai is a married man, Mui's mother is...
- 1966
Twin Sisters
Twin Sisters0 1966 HD
Banker Fung Yan-tsang is a seasoned criminal in fraudulent activities. The righteous cat burglar Ham Siu-fo has issued a deadline for Fung to return...
- 1959
Human Relationships
Human Relationships0 1959 HD
Lee Sun-fung is renowned for adapting literary classics for the silver screen. To commemorate the seventh anniversary of the Union Film Enterprise...
- 1965
The Girl in the Bus
The Girl in the Bus0 1965 HD
Bus Money dons various disguises on public buses to protect the defenceless from the bullies and receives heroic praise. Money meets Tai Ngau, a...
- 1960
Frightful Honeymoon
Frightful Honeymoon0 1960 HD
Hong Kong thriller.
- 1962
A Couple in Cold War
A Couple in Cold War0 1962 HD
Ye Hui and Jiang Man were originally a loving couple. One time Hui received a 1000 dollar bonus, and his colleague Zhu Ge-Kong paid a plan to hide...
- 1963
Three Love Affairs
Three Love Affairs0 1963 HD
Hong Kong was quickly becoming industrialised in the 1960s. The market was hungry for female labourers with a grasp of crafting skills. In addition...
- 1963
Madam Kam
Madam Kam0 1963 HD
Madam Kum is a well-known dance hall girl. She gave birth to her daughter Yin-fan. Kum gave her to some relatives. Nineteen years go by, and Kum...
- 1960
My Intimate Partner
My Intimate Partner8 1960 HD
Adapted from a popular 'three dime novel' the story revolves around two down-and-out buddies, one streetwise and quick-witted the other naïve...
- 1956
Black Cat, the Cat Burglar
Black Cat, the Cat Burglar0 1956 HD
Lee (Ng Cho-fan), who is the retired jewel thief the Black Cat Burglar, is suspected by the police in a string of burglaries. While fleeing from the...
- 1959
Mr Wong's Adventures with the Unruly Girl
Mr Wong's Adventures with the Unruly Girl0 1959 HD
The film is adapted from Chinese classic comic series Mr Wong, with Tang Bik-wan joining hands with the magnificent Sun Ma Si-tsang and Tam Lan-hing...
- 1982
Aces Go Places
Aces Go Places6.554 1982 HD
King Kong, a clever thief who steals a cache of diamonds from some gangsters, frames another thief called White Glove for the crime. That's when the...
- 1955
Parents' Hearts
Parents' Hearts6.2 1955 HD
An opera troupe has to dissolve in view of the poor economy. Comedian star Sang Kwai-lei loses his job and he has no alternative but to play the lion...
- 1959
Two Fools capture a Ghost
Two Fools capture a Ghost0 1959 HD
The town is rumoured to be haunted. Cheung Siu-chen pretends to be possessed so that her lover Lau Tin and his friend Lee Luk may heroically exorcise...
- 1958
The Prince's Romantic Affairs
The Prince's Romantic Affairs0 1958 HD
Morris the Tailor seeks to get even with Gilbert, Earl of Chen who has stolen a set of expensive clothes from him. Morris bumps into Princess Jenna...
- 1964
As Time Goes By
As Time Goes By0 1964 HD
Yuk Yin's father dies and her mother remarries to settle the debts. Yuk Yin lives with Auntie Wong. From then on, Chi Hung, Auntie Wong's son and Yuk...
- 1961
Forsaken Daughter
Forsaken Daughter0 1961 HD
The Lok's family disperses when Japanese occupied China. Mrs. Lok's company prospers in Hong Kong. Her son Tin-yam looks after her business. She...
- 1960
The Great Devotion
The Great Devotion0 1960 HD
Poor teacher Chan Chi-hong, his wife Lee Yuk-mei and their five children survive on his meagre pay. When he is laid off by two schools in a row, the...
- 1960
Apartment Murder
Apartment Murder0 1960 HD
Yim Tai-hung stages a diamond heist but one of his men slips away with a diamond necklace. Sustaining a fatal wound, the betrayer gives the necklace...
- 1965
Secret of a Husband
Secret of a Husband0 1965 HD
Lawyer Fan Kam-man believes that his wife Chun Yuen-yung perished in a plane crash three years ago and walks down the aisle again with Yan Bik-kei....
- 1958
The Tormented Beauty
The Tormented Beauty0 1958 HD
Guerrilla member Ting Siu-yuen works as a playwright and Lee, the leader of an opera troupe. They conceal their identities in the troupe in order to...
- 1956
The Murder Case at Club 99
The Murder Case at Club 990 1956 HD
Club 99 is not just a hideout for triad gangsters, but also a haven for smuggling jewelleries from robbery. When detective Law is investigating a...
- 1981
The Tiger and the Widow
The Tiger and the Widow6 1981 HD
The movie is about an illegal salt smuggling ring run by Tanny and her male partner, who spend most of the movie arguing which one of them is going...
- 1959
Hongling Solves the Mystery Case
Hongling Solves the Mystery Case0 1959 HD
A man kills his wife then frames his sister-in-law for the murder.
- 1971
The Swift Knight
The Swift Knight5.9 1971 HD
In a rare reversal of typecasting, Shaw Brothers' perennial bad guy Lo Lieh breaks tradition to play the honorable and noble swordsman in The Swift...
- 1966
A Go-Go Teenager
A Go-Go Teenager0 1966 HD
Two orphan boys indulge in petty theft after the war. One, Chow, is caught but gets adopted by a policeman. He turns out a solid young citizen. Lee,...
- 1958
Crime of Passion in the Hotel
Crime of Passion in the Hotel0 1958 HD
A Shaw and Sons production.
- 1958
A Pretty Girl's Love Affair
A Pretty Girl's Love Affair0 1958 HD
A Shaw and Sons production
- 1968
Tragedy of the Poet King
Tragedy of the Poet King0 1968 HD
- 1976
Wedding Nights
Wedding Nights0 1976 HD
An adult comedy produced by the Shaw Brothers.
- 1959
Love Follows Fortune
Love Follows Fortune0 1959 HD
Impoverished scholar Leung (Yam Kim-fai) became a widower and his in-laws give him 30 taels of silver to find a new wife. He gives the money away to...
- 1980
Absolute Monarch
Absolute Monarch0 1980 HD
Hong Kong Movie
- 1981
All the Wrong Clues
All the Wrong Clues6.7 1981 HD
A private investigator and a police inspector team up to pursue a notorious mobster, who is plotting to milk an old millionaire out of his...
- 1975
Lady of the Law
Lady of the Law6 1975 HD
Jiao is framed for rape and murder (and, later, two more murders) by Chen and his son - the same people who framed Jiao's father and left him...
- 1955
An Orphan's Tragedy
An Orphan's Tragedy8 1955 HD
Rascal To Chai-yan brings a false charge of selling fake medicine against doctor Fan Tin-sang, who is sentented to a twenty-year imprisonment. Fan...
- 1960
Much Ado About Nothing
Much Ado About Nothing0 1960 HD
Entrepreneur Silly Wong returns from overseas having made a fortune there. His godson Tsim Tsui-mau and wife Ho Bit-siu, and friend George Cheung use...
- 1984
Aces Go Places III: Our Man from Bond Street
Aces Go Places III: Our Man from Bond Street5.691 1984 HD
A master thief is duped by lookalikes for James Bond and the Queen of England into stealing a valuable gem from a heavily guarded location then must...
- 1967
Man from Interpol
Man from Interpol0 1967 HD
Gangster Pang Tin-tak runs an underground casino operated under the guise of the Blue Nightclub. The fearless and cagey Fung Kim-ching and the adept...
- 1965
The Curse
The Curse0 1965 HD
HK horror film.
- 1964
Devil's Love
Devil's Love0 1964 HD
HK mystery film.
- 1962
Midnight Terror
Midnight Terror0 1962 HD
HK crime film.
- 1962
The Haunting Shadow
The Haunting Shadow0 1962 HD
HK mystery film.
- 1960
A Night of Thrills
A Night of Thrills0 1960 HD
HK horror film.
- 1960
Adventure on a Deadly Island
Adventure on a Deadly Island0 1960 HD
HK horror film.
- 1958
Murder on a Wedding Night
Murder on a Wedding Night0 1958 HD
HK horror film.
- 1957
Cry of the Ghost
Cry of the Ghost0 1957 HD
HK drama film.
- 1972
The Angry Guest
The Angry Guest6.3 1972 HD
The Angry Guest is a direct sequel to Duel of Fists which had two long-separated brothers, Ti Lung and David Chiang, reuniting in Bangkok and running...
- 1967
Jin ou
Jin ou0 1967 HD
Gangster Li Yibiao's jewelry was suspected to have been stolen by Gu Daqiang. Biao asked Jin Zhenyu to cooperate with him to get the jewelry back....
- 1971
Long Road to Freedom
Long Road to Freedom2 1971 HD
To prevent a drug ring from killing her brother, Ping Ping surrenders to police, claiming she is guilty of trafficking drugs. She is subsequently...
- 1958
A Virtuous Girl from a Humble House
A Virtuous Girl from a Humble House0 1958 HD
A Shaw and Sons film
- 1958
Valley of the Love-Birds
Valley of the Love-Birds0 1958 HD
A Martial Arts film by the Shaw Brothers
- 1960
The Case of 'Missing Corpse’
The Case of 'Missing Corpse’0 1960 HD
- 1964
The Devil and Her Magic Needles, Part One
The Devil and Her Magic Needles, Part One0 1964 HD
Yiu But-fan marries on the day his father Yan-kit retires as a distinguished swordsman when Yan-kit's nemesis 'Ghostly Mother Blue Flower' Chiu...
- 1964
The Devil and Her Magic Needles, Part Two
The Devil and Her Magic Needles, Part Two0 1964 HD
'Ghostly Mother Blue Flower' Chiu Choi-wan has abducted a group of virgin boys and girls for the nourishment of her mind and soul. Alarmed by the...
- 1960
Oriole, the Heroine
Oriole, the Heroine0 1960 HD
This is a Shaw Brothers production
- 1981
Challenge of the Gamesters
Challenge of the Gamesters6.3 1981 HD
A forerunner to the new wave gambling films, this is one of Wong Jing's first hits--before he would go on to dominate Hong Kong cinema for the next...
- 1973
The Sugar Daddies
The Sugar Daddies3.8 1973 HD
During the day, Hu Tien lives as a respectable office employee, but when night falls, he unashamedly plunges headlong into an exciting world of lust...
- 1965
Silent Love
Silent Love0 1965 HD
Yu Sung Chi was separated from his wife and young daughter during the war. When he fled with his eldest daughter Yu pak Mei, he adopted the orphan Ho...
- 1973
The Bastard
The Bastard6.5 1973 HD
Little Bastard searches for the parents who abandoned him as an infant, with the help of Little Beggar. He finds his father, who is a powerful and...
- 1976
Challenge of the Masters
Challenge of the Masters6 1976 HD
The Wong family kung fu school gets smacked around by a rival school. Wong Fei-hong gets fed up with the abuse and goes to learn from his fathers...